DESCRIPTION
Fracsal crosslinking
additives consist of a specifically sized, sparingly-soluble borate
crosslinking agent, suspended in either a water base, diesel base,
or a low aromatic content hydrocarbon base solution, which is
capable of adjusting the rate at which gelation of guar or
derivatized guar occurs in a water-based fracturing fluid. Fracsal concentrates are typically
added as a continuous mix during pumping operations to produce a
unique gel that is elastic, thermally stable, and has the ability
to re-form a stable structure after shearing.
|
Brand Name
|
Base Fluid
|
Suspension Density
(lb/gal)
|
Boron Content
(wt %)
|
|
Fracsal Ultra
|
Formate Brine
|
11.8
|
3.82 - 4.23
|
|
Fracsal Ultra-FM
|
Formate Brine
|
11.8
|
3.82 - 4.23
|
|
Fracsal Ultra-FM2
|
Formate Brine
|
11.8
|
3.82 - 4.23
|
|
Fracsal Ultra-FM3
|
Formate Brine
|
11.8
|
3.82 - 4.23
|
|
Fracsal Waterbase
|
Water
|
10.5
|
4.09 - 4.84
|
|
Fracsal Waterbase-M1
|
Water
|
10.5
|
4.09 - 4.84
|
|
Fracsal I
|
Diesel
|
10.0
|
5.98 - 7.38
|
|
Fracsal II
|
Diesel
|
10.0
|
5.15 - 6.18
|
|
Fracsal III
|
Enhanced Mineral Oil
|
9.7
|
6.08 - 7.63
|
|
Fracsal IV
|
Enhanced Mineral Oil
|
9.7
|
6.12 - 7.63
|
The basic crosslink times of polymer fracturing fluids can be
varied from 30 seconds to over 12 minutes dependent on the base
solution pH, guar type, and Fracsal product selected.
Crosslink times can be altered by the addition of crosslink
modifiers for aqueous-based suspensions or by further processing
the borate material for hydrocarbon-based suspensions.
FEATURES
- Environmentally acceptable and non-hazardous in aqueous and
enhanced mineral oil-based concentrates
- May be modified to meet customer requirements
- Allows a simple addition of product for continuous mix
fracturing fluid systems
- Performs in various aqueous-based polymer systems
- Allows for precise control of desired crosslink times
- Adjustable pour points for colder climates in aqueous-based
concentrates
- Non-damaging to the reservoir when used with the TBC-Brinadd
delayed breakers, Ultra Breake M®,
Ultra Breake MG, Breake™
C, and Breake CG
TYPICAL SPARINGLY-SOLUBLE BORATE SOLUBILITY
|
pH/Distilled Water/75
°F
|
lb/1,000 gal
|
|
8
|
26.8
|
|
10
|
29.3
|
|
12
|
36.0
|
|
Base
Fluid
pH 8.0
|
lb/1,000
gal
|
|
100°F
|
150°F
|
|
Distilled Water
|
26.8
|
32.4
|
|
2% KCl
|
193.3
|
196.1
|